Intellectual+Revolution+(Enlightenment++Project)

Events in this time seem limited to the spreading of philosophes ideas in **salons** and the rise of new types of music, literature, and architecture like **Rococo**. || Intellectually, a new order based on **rationalism** and **secularism** resulted from the Enlightenment project. On a political note, natural laws transferred to the concept of **natural rights**--or privileges everyone felt they should have, like freedom of speech and press. The concept of **Enlightened Absolutism** resulted, as leaders wished to contain all power in order to foster arts and education and to reform their societies. || They look great! Taylor Louise Palmer Natalie Lylo What was the main philosophical implication of the Newtonian world machine? A. The earth was no longer viewed as the center of the universe B. "Natural laws" could govern virtually all human actions C. Religious toleration should be spread D. Everyone thought to be born with a "blank slate" E. Absolutism deemed the best way to rule
 * **Causes** || **Epistemologies** the help us understand key perspectives or thinking that went into the Revolution || **Critical Events &key people** || **Impacts** (immediate /long term on Europe ||
 * **The Scientific Revolution** asserted a new skepticism toward traditional religion, the idea of progress, populariztion of science, and deep questioning of former beliefs. The faulty "**geocentric universe**" thought was eradicated, and one was forced to rethink his place in the world. The **Newtonian** law of gravitation illustrated natural laws could govern all human endeavors--many questions were raised and thoughts provoked. A logical pathway into the **Enlightenment** thus resulted, taking these unknowns and attempting to answer them. || The Intellectual Revolution saw a great reaction against **Aristotelian/Scholastic** epistemology; and subscription to **Newtonian** and **Locke**. This refusal to accept traditional ideals and want to branch out and correct them (in a sense) led to the emergence of various important epistemologies, from Montesquieu to Diderot to anti-death penalty Beccaria. || Inspiring the revolution that was the Enlightenment, **Locke** and **Newton** were crucial. Newton's law of universal gravitation fueled the thought that **natural laws** could govern everything--the "world machine" ideal was created. Locke proclaimed "tabula rosa" or blank slate philosophy, where knowledge derived from reason not faith. Taking these ideas and running with them, **Voltaire** and **Rousseau** were two critical philosophes. Voltaire ardently criticized French institutions like absolutism, **intolerance in religion**, and repression of thought. Rousseau believed in the **general will,** an approach that pushed the cooperative nature of humans and proclaimed "what is best for all is best for the individual."

B.